The Ruwanwelisaya is a stupa in Sri Lanka, considered a marvel for its architectural qualities and sacred to many Buddhists all over the world. It was built by King Dutugemunu, who became lord of all Sri Lanka after a war in which the Chola King Elara, was defeated. It is also known as Mahathupa, Swarnamali Chaitya, Suvarnamali Mahaceti (in Pali) and Rathnamali Dagaba























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Materials

The ancient texts recount the following:



• From the bank of the river Gambhira, situated a yojana (a distance measure) to the north of Anuradhapura bricks were acquired;
• From the village Avuruvini, situated three yojanas to the north-east, nuggets of gold were acquired;
• From the village Tambapittha, situated seven yojanas to the east, copper were acquired;
• From the village Samanveve, situated four yojanas to the south-east, gems were acquired;
• From the rock-cave Ridi, situated eight yojanas to the south, silver were acquired;
• From the small town Uruvel, situated five yojanas to the west, pearls and corals to the size of myrobalan (nelli) fruits were acquired;
• From the village Pelavapi, situated seven yojanas to the north-east, four large gems were acquired.

The full moon day

      King Dutugemunu began the work of building the stupa during Vesak, on the full-moon day of the month of Vesakha (April-May), under the constellation of Visakha. In Buddhism this is considered a sacred full-moon day on which numerous events occurred, such as:

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• The definite declaration by Buddha Dipankara to the ascetic Sumedha Bodhisatta Gotama in a past life) that he will become a Buddha;
• The birth of Bodhisatta Gotama from Tusita heaven in the human world;
• The Enlightnment of Prince Siddhartha
• His arrival in the city of Kapilavatthu;
• His performance of the Twin Miracle;
• His arrival in Sri Lanka three times;
• His passing into Parinibbana;
• The disembarcation of Prince Vijaya in Sri Lanka

The coronation of the great king Devanampiya-Tissa























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Foundation

      On such a full-moon day King Dutugemunu had the inscribed stone pillar that was erected by King Devanampiya Tissa, removed;

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• had the site leveled;
• had it dug to a depth of seven cubits;
• had round stones spread there by warriors;
• and had the stones broken with hammers;
• then he had them stamped down by elephants;
• fine clay was brought from the Himalayas by Arahant novices, spread over the layer of stones;
• had bricks laid over the fine clay, rough plaster over the bricks, quartz over the rough plaster, a network of iron over the quartz, fragrant clay over the network of iron, white stones over the fragrant clay, rock-crystal over the white stones, and slabs of stones over the rock-crystal.
• Then he had mercury, resin of the wood-apple, and fine clay mixed together; had these spread over the slabs of stones; and had bronze sheets eight inches thick laid over these.
• He had arsenic and sesame oil mixed together; had these spread over the bronze sheets; and had silver sheets four inches thick laid over these.

 

        When the king had thus built and completed the foundation of the Great Stupa, he arranged that the foundation stone should be laid on the full-moon day of the month of Aâsàëha (June-July).
        He then had Anuradhapura decorated like a divine city along with the terrace of the Great Stupa. Ninety-six koñis of Arahants came by from australian On the full-moon day of the month of Asaëha, under the constellation of Uttara-saëha, he laid the foundation-stone of the Great Stupa and determined: 'Should the work I carry for this Stupa be completed safely, may then the Venerable Arahants Buddharakkhita, Dhammarakkhita, Saïgharakkhita and Ananda arrive and stand at the four quarters of the Great Stupa's terrace.'
       This happened as he determined. The Arahant Indagutta arranged that it should thus happen. In addition, the Venerable Arahants, Siddhattha, Maïgala, Paduma, Sivali, Candagutta, Indagutta, Suriyagutta, Cittasena, Jayasena, and Acala looking eastwards arrived and stood in front of the pitcher placed at the gate of this festive occasion. Supatiñhita, the son of Nandisena and Sumana devi, and the minister appointed for the festive ceremonies, walked around the relic-chamber and went and brought a staff made of silver for measuring the circular boundary of the Stupa. When Arahant Siddhattha saw the minister walking thus around the relic-chamber and measuring too large dimensions, he ordered him to measure moderate ones. On hearing the name of Arahant Siddhattha, the names of the eleven other Arahants, and the name of the minister and his parents, king Dutugemunu felt particularly glad, thinking: 'The work on the Stupa will certainly be successful.'
        He then had eight large water pots of gold and eight of silver placed in the midst of the Great Stupa, and had a hundred and eight vases placed around the large water pots. He had, likewise, eight bricks of gold placed in eight corners and a hundred and eight bricks of silver around each of the bricks of gold.



The Stupa is blessed

        Arahant Cittasena placed a lump of fragrant resin in the east side upon the boundary line drawn around the Great Stupa. Arahant Jayasena sprinkled scented water over it, and when, under the constellation of Uttarasaëha, Supatiññhita, the minister for the festive ceremonies, placed bricks of gold together with lavish offerings over the scented water.
        It is said that: the earth, all of two hundred seventy thousand yojanas, roared and quaked at that time.
He had through his sons, similarly, placed bricks of gold in the other seven sides of the Great Stupa. Afterwards, king Dutugemunu and the people there honoured with gifts the Arahants who were seated at the four quarters, and took themselves seats to hear a Dhamma talk delivered that day by the great Arahant Piyadassi.
        Having heard it, forty thousand people became Arahants, forty thousand were established in the fruit of stream-entry (sotapatti-phala), a thousand became once-returners (sakadagamis), and a thousand became non-returners (anagamis). Eighteen thousand monks and fourteen thousand nuns became Arahants.

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Buddha's Relic

        After The Buddha's Parinibbana, His relics were enshrined and worshipped in stupas by Princes of eight countries two quarts in each country. The two quarts of relics that were enshrined in the village Ramagama were, according to The Buddha's determination, destined to be enshrined in the Great Stupa Ruvanveli.King Dutugemunu who, on the full-moon day of the month of Asaëha (June-July), under the constellation of Uttarasaëha, would officiate in the ceremony for the enshrining of the relics in the Great Stupa, worshipped the Sangha (Order of monks) on the day before the full-moon day, reminded them that tomorrow is the appointed day for the enshrining of the relics and requested them to give him the relics. The Saïgha ordered then the novice Arahant Soõuttara, who was gifted with the six supernormal faculties, to bring the relics, which Arahant Soõuttara manages to bring and offer to the Sangha.
        Then king Dutugemunu received from the Sangha the Buddha's relics upon his head in a casket and departed from the golden pavilion in the midst of manifold offerings and honours made by gods and Brahmas. He circumambulated the relic-chamber three times, entered to it from the east, and when laid the relic-casket on a silver couch one koñi worth, that was arranged in the north side. An image of the Buddha was then, according to the Buddha's determination, created in the lion's reclining posture (sihaseyya), and all the relics were enshrined within that image. When the enshrining of the relics in the Great Stupa Ruvanveli was completed, the two novices Uttara and Sumana closed the relic-chamber with the stone-blocks that were previously hidden to be used as a lid.
        "The relic-chamber shall not shake even by an earthquake; flowers such as jasmine that were offered on that day shall not wither till the end of Buddha Gotama's Dispensation; the lamps that were kindled with ghee-oil shall not be extinguished; the clay that was mixed with perfume and sandalwood shall not dry; even a single scratch shall not appear within the relic-chamber; stains shall not appear in any of the golden goods that were offered.' All this occurred by the determination-power of all Arahants present. They determined also that inimical persons should not be able to even see the relic-chamber. Furthermore, by order of king Dutugemunu, the people of Sri Lanka enshrined, along with many other objects such as golden and silver caskets, thousand more of the Buddha's relics over the relic-chamber."



The Great Stupa is constructed

        When the unique Great Stupa Ruvanveli was completed as far as the square turret 10, and while ninety-six koñis of Arahants were chanting protective suttas, the great king Dutugemunu who reigned in Sri Lanka for twenty-four years, had his record of meritorious deeds read and, while looking at the Great Stupa, he died and was born as a divine king in the Tusita-heaven. His brother, the king Saddhatissa, completed the remaining work at the Great Stupa and later was also born in the Tusita-heaven.





















 

 

The Great King

         During the Dispensation of the future Buddha Metteyya, king Dutugemunu will become the Buddha's chief disciple on His right side. King Saddhatissa will become the chief disciple on His left side. Kavantissa and Vihara Maha- Devi will become the parents of the future Buddha Metteyya. Princess Anula, the younger sister of king Kavantissa, will become the chief Queen of the Bodhisatta Metteyya. Prince Saliya will become the son of the Bodhisatta Metteyya. Saõgha, king Dutugemu's Chancellor of the Exchequer, will become the chief attendant of the Buddha Metteyya. The Chancellor's daughter will become the chief she-attendant.





 























                                                                                                                                                 From Wikipedia





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